George Molyneaux

Acted for HMRC in successful defence of a judicial review challenge to a decision relating to the Disguised Remuneration Repayment Scheme (unled).

Advising a government department on issues relating to vires and sub-delegation (2024).

Acting for financial services companies in an application to the European Court of Human Rights which alleges violations of Articles 6, 13 and 14 and A1P1 (with Tim Otty KC).

Advising a utility company on a regulatory issue (with James McClelland KC).

Acted for the UN High Commissioner for Refugees in the successful challenge to the UK government's plan to transfer asylum seekers to Rwanda (with Angus McCullough KC and others).

Advising Ofgem on various issues relating to the electricity sector (unled).

Acting for a bank in an application to the European Court of Human Rights in relation to a regulatory fine. The case raises issues under A1P1 and Articles 7, 13 and 14 (with Tim Otty KC).

Acted for a university in a dispute about the status of a degree certificate, which raised various public law issues (unled).

Advising various clients on a range of confidential matters relating to the water and sewerage industry, including issues relating to the Water Industry Act 1991, the Reservoirs Act 1975, the Urban Waste Water Treatment (England and Wales) Regulations 1994, the Water Industry (Specified Infrastructure Projects) (English Undertakers) Regulations 2013, the Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2016 and the Private Water Supplies (England) Regulations 2016 (mix of led and unled work).

Advising a defence weapons expert on public law, Equality Act and Human Rights Act claims after his invitation to speak at a Ministry of Defence conference was revoked because he had expressed criticism of government policies. The government ultimately conceded that the decision was unlawful and withdrew 15 policy/guidance documents (with Ben Collins KC and Jane Russell).

Advising a regulator on potential enforcement action against a utility company (unled).

Acting for the UK government in defence of allegations of violations of Article 5, in the context of immigration detention (with Sir James Eadie KC and Julie Anderson).

Advising a government department on issues relating to commencement powers in legislation (unled).

Advising Freedom from Torture on the Illegal Migration Bill (with Raza Husain KC and others).

Acted for JUSTICE as intervener in an appeal concerning the proper approach to appeals against citizenship deprivation decisions in a national security context (with Tom Hickman KC).

Acted for the claimant financial trading company in a challenge to a decision to cancel various trades in nickel futures. The claim raised issues under domestic public law and A1P1, and included a claim for over $15m in damages. It was one of The Lawyer's Top 20 Cases for 2023 (with James Segan KC).

Acted for a company in a challenge to a costs order made in the course of criminal proceedings. The case included issues of domestic public law and in relation to A1P1, together with the jurisdiction of the High Court in light of s.29(3) of the Senior Courts Act 1981 (unled).

Advising a solicitor regarding an investigation by the Solicitors Regulation Authority (unled).

Acted for PLP in a challenge to the refusal of a FOIA request for copies of submissions to the Independent Review of Administrative Law (with Kate Gallafent QC, and subsequently Gemma White QC)

Advising on various public law issues relating to the Gas Act 1986 (unled).

Acting for the Director of the SFO in defence of a $93m+ claim for alleged misfeasance in public office and inducement of breach of contract/fiduciary duty. The matter was one of The Lawyer's Top 20 Cases for 2021. There was an 11-week trial in the spring/summer of that year, and a further 2-week trial in March 2023 (with Simon Colton KC and others).

Advising a public body on legal obligations in relation to greenhouse gas emissions targets (with Kassie Smith QC).

Advised a public body on wide-ranging public law and human rights issues (with Sir James Eadie QC).

Advising an environmental NGO on a potential judicial review (with Tom de la Mare QC).

Advising Afghan citizens on immigration applications (unled, but in collaboration with various other Blackstone barristers).

Advised a prospective claimant on a potential judicial review claim in relation to a fisheries issue (unled).

Advising on issues relating to parliamentary privilege (unled).

Acting for an interested party before the High Court and the Court of Appeal in a judicial review regarding transmission charges paid by generators of electricity. The case raises various issue of EU and domestic public law (with Kassie Smith QC and Amy Rogers).

Acted for the Claimant in a judicial review relating to the use of personal devices/accounts and auto-deletion functions for communications concerning government business (with Ben Jaffey QC).

Acted for the SSWP in the High Court, the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court in (ultimately successful) defence of a complex claim relating to Article 18 TFEU, the EU Settlement Scheme and the regulations governing entitlement to universal credit and other forms of social assistance (with Sir James Eadie QC and others).

Acted for NGO interveners in a challenge to the lawfulness of pilot schemes which required voters to present proof of identity in order to vote. One of The Lawyer's Top 10 appeals for 2022 (with Tim Otty QC).

Acted for a telecommunications operator in an appeal regarding the interpretation of the Access Directive (with James Segan QC).

Acted for the Foreign Secretary in successful defence of a claim brought by the parents of Harry Dunn, who was killed when his motorbike was hit by a car driven by the wife of a member of US Embassy staff. The case raised issues relating to diplomatic immunity and Article 2 ECHR (with Sir James Eadie QC and others).

Acted for Detention Action in a case concerning the status of asylum appeals which were determined under ultra vires procedural rules (with Charlotte Kilroy QC and Jason Pobjoy).

Acted for Ofgem in defence of an appeal regarding transmission charges paid by generators of electricity. The case raised various issues of EU and domestic public law (with Kassie Smith QC and Ligia Osepciu).

Acted for GEMA in defence of a legitimate expectation and A1P1 claim, in relation to the Domestic Renewable Heat Incentive Scheme. The case was listed for a 2.5-day hearing, but settled shortly before (with Alan Maclean QC).

Advising a government department on various state aid and public procurement issues (unled).

Acted for a telecommunications company in a regulatory dispute involving issues of EU law (with James Segan KC).

Advising a regulator on an EU/competition law issue (with Kassie Smith QC).

Acted for the defendant in successful defence of a challenge to a decision to refuse applications for British citizenship (unled).

Advised a foreign government on various human rights issues (with Lord Pannick QC).

Acted for the defendant in successful defence of a challenge to a decision to transfer the claimant from one prison to another (unled).

Advised a company regarding an investigation of one of its advertisements by the Advertising Standards Authority (with Brian Kennelly QC).

Advised a government department regarding a possible contempt of court (with James Eadie QC).

Acted for a vulnerable individual in claims against a public authority for false imprisonment and breach of Article 5 ECHR. The case settled for a 5-figure sum (unled).

Acted for the Director of the SFO in successful defence of a challenge to a decision to suspend a review of certain matters relating to an investigation (with James Segan and Tom Richards).

Advised the government of a British Overseas Territory on the implications of the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement (unled).

Advised a government department on various issues relating to A1P1, rationality, state aid and public procurement (with James Eadie QC).

Advising a prisoner on potential claims against the operator of a privatised prison, following an assault by another inmate (unled).

Advised the government of a British Overseas Territory on a freedom of information issue (unled).

Advising a regulator on an issue of EU/competition law (unled).

Advising an NGO regarding potential constitutional challenges in overseas jurisdictions to laws which criminalise consensual sexual acts between adults of the same sex in private (with Tim Otty QC and others).

Advising a political party on a constitutional issue (with Tim Otty QC).

Acting for a utility company in relation to enforcement action taken by its regulator (with Michael Fordham QC).

Acted for an individual in a successful appeal regarding Employment and Support Allowance (unled).

Acted for the Ingenious appellants in a high-profile and high-value tax appeal (with Pushpinder Saini QC and others).

Advising a government department on potential infraction proceedings under Article 258 TFEU (with James Segan).

Acted pro bono for the child of a refugee in a human rights appeal against a refusal of entry clearance for family reunion. UK Visas & Immigration withdrew the refusal following the lodging of the appeal (unled).

Advised several professional bodies in the financial services sector about the General Data Protection Regulation and various contractual issues (with Alan Maclean QC).

Advised HMRC in respect of an application for judicial review of a decision relating to VAT offsetting (with Michael Jones).

Advising a trade union on statutory interpretation, indirect discrimination and potential restitutionary claims in respect of a public sector pension scheme (with Alan Maclean QC).

Acted for GEMA, successfully defending an appeal to the CMA under section 173 of the Energy Act 2004. The case focused on the interpretation of an EU Regulation on charges for electricity transmission (with Alan Maclean QC and Iain Steele).

Acted pro bono for the AIRE Centre, intervening in a case about whether the Secretary of State is obliged to permit refugees in the UK's sovereign base areas ("SBAs") in Cyprus to enter the metropolitan UK. The Secretary of State agreed to admit the Claimants after the Supreme Court held that the Refugee Convention applied to the SBAs (with Mike Fordham QC and others).

Provided pro bono advice to an organisation concerned about a local authority's issue of Community Protection Notices to homeless people, prohibiting them from leaving their belongings on the pavement (unled).

Acted for the respondent accountancy regulator in successful defence of an application for judicial review of a disciplinary decision (with Shaheed Fatima QC). (Subject to a possible application to the ECHR by Mr Sipra.)

Advising an environmental NGO on a potential judicial review (with Nathalie Lieven QC).

Acted unled for an interested party company, successfully resisting an application for permission to judicially review a decision of its regulator.

Advising a government department on articles 8, 10 and 14, and various issues of statutory interpretation (with James Eadie QC).

Advising a government department on legitimate expectation and A1P1 issues. The case also involves interpretation of a complex commercial contract (with James Eadie QC).

Advising an environmental NGO pro bono on the availability of compensation (under statute and at common law) to persons affected by flooding and/or flood risk management activities.

Advising pro bono on a potential judicial review of a Minister’s failure to make delegated legislation (with Diya Sen Gupta and Daniel Cashman).

Advised an environmental NGO pro bono in relation to a company's application for planning permission to frack for shale gas (unled).

Advising a telecommunications company on data protection issues (unled).

Acting for financial services companies in an application to the European Court of Human Rights which alleges violations of Articles 6, 13 and 14 and A1P1 (with Tim Otty KC).

Acted for the UN High Commissioner for Refugees in the successful challenge to the UK government's plan to transfer asylum seekers to Rwanda (with Angus McCullough KC and others).

Acting for a bank in an application to the European Court of Human Rights in relation to a regulatory fine. The case raises issues under A1P1 and Articles 7, 13 and 14 (with Tim Otty KC).

Acting for the UK government in defence of allegations of violations of Article 5, in the context of immigration detention (with Sir James Eadie KC and Julie Anderson).

Acted for the claimant financial trading company in a challenge to a decision to cancel various trades in nickel futures. The claim raised issues under domestic public law and A1P1, and included a claim for over $15m in damages. It was one of The Lawyer's Top 20 Cases for 2023 (with James Segan KC).

Advising a defence weapons expert on public law, Equality Act and Human Rights Act claims after his invitation to speak at a Ministry of Defence conference was revoked because he had expressed criticism of government policies. The government ultimately conceded that the decision was unlawful and withdrew 15 policy/guidance documents (with Ben Collins KC and Jane Russell).

Acting for various Google entities in a case concerning alleged violations of Articles 6, 10 and 13 and A1P1 (with Tim Otty KC and others).

Acting pro bono for Ukraine in a landmark inter-state case involving allegations of mass and gross violations of multiple Convention rights (with Tim Otty QC and others).

Acting for the claimants in group claims arising out of pollution from oil installations in Nigeria, and associated interference with fundamental rights (with Richard Hermer KC and others).

Acted for JUSTICE as intervener in an appeal concerning the proper approach to appeals against citizenship deprivation decisions in a national security context (with Tom Hickman KC).

Advising an individual on issues relating to the right not to be tried twice for the same alleged offence, in the context of Article 54 of the Convention Implementing the Schengen Agreement and Article 4 of Procotol 7 to the ECHR (with Tim Otty KC).

Acted for the appellant in a successful appeal regarding the proper approach to anonymity applications which involve Convention Rights issues, and applications for permission to amend (unled).

Acting for an individual in a claim arising out of the alleged involvement of the UK security services in unlawful detention and torture in a foreign country, and breaches of data protection legislation (with Tom de la Mare KC).

Acted for a company in a challenge to a costs order made in the course of criminal proceedings. The case included issues of domestic public law and in relation to A1P1, together with the jurisdiction of the High Court in light of s.29(3) of the Senior Courts Act 1981 (unled).

Acting for a prisoner in a claim for alleged breaches of Convention Rights and the Equality Act 2010 (unled).

Acting for the Government of North Macedonia in respect of an Article 5 application, brought by the former head of the State Bureau of Security and Counter Intelligence (with Tim Otty KC).

Acting for the Government of North Macedonia in successful defence of applications raising various issues under Articles 5 and 6 ECHR (with Tim Otty KC).

Acting for the Commonwealth Lawyers Association as amicus curiae in a case about due process rights and access to evidence, in the context of a habeas corpus petition by a detainee at Guantanamo Bay (with Tim Otty QC).

Advised a public body on wide-ranging public law and human rights issues (with Sir James Eadie QC).

Acted for the claimants in a claim against a natural resources company, in respect of serious assaults allegedly perpetrated by security personnel. The case settled (with Tim Otty KC and others).

Acted for the Icelandic government in a high profile Article 6 case before the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights, concerning in particular the nature of the "established by law" requirement (with Tim Otty QC).

Acted for the Foreign Secretary in successful defence of a claim brought by the parents of Harry Dunn, who was killed when his motorbike was hit by a car driven by the wife of a member of US Embassy staff. The case raised issues relating to diplomatic immunity and Article 2 ECHR (with Sir James Eadie QC and others).

Acted for GEMA in defence of a legitimate expectation and A1P1 claim, in relation to the Domestic Renewable Heat Incentive Scheme. The case was listed for a 2.5-day hearing, but settled shortly before (with Alan Maclean QC).

Advised the Open Society Justice Initiative regarding the compatibility with EU law of emergency legislation introduced in Hungary in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic (with Tim Otty QC, Tom de la Mare QC and Emily Neill).

Acted for NGO interveners in a case concerning jurisdiction and the circumstances in which a parent company may be liable in negligence for environmental damage associated with the activities of an overseas subsidiary (with Tim Otty QC and others).

Acted for the claimants in a claim regarding alleged human rights abuses by security personnel at a diamond mine in Tanzania. The case settled (with Tim Otty QC and others).

Acted for Liberty (as intervener) in a case about the proper approach, in the context of a commercial dispute, to evidence which may have been obtained by torture (with Ben Jaffey QC and Natasha Simonsen).

Advised a foreign government on various human rights issues (with Lord Pannick QC).

Advising a prospective claimant on potential claims under domestic and EU data protection legislation (with Ben Jaffey QC).

Acted for the defendant in successful defence of a challenge to a decision to transfer the claimant from one prison to another (unled).

Acted for a vulnerable individual in claims against a public authority for false imprisonment and breach of Article 5 ECHR. The case settled for a 5-figure sum (unled).

Acted for NGO interveners in a case concerning jurisdiction and the circumstances in which a parent company may be liable in negligence for environmental damage associated with the activities of an overseas subsidiary (with Tim Otty QC and others).

Advised a government department on various issues relating to A1P1, rationality, state aid and public procurement (with James Eadie QC).

Advising a prisoner on potential claims against the operator of a privatised prison, following an assault by another inmate (unled).

Advising an NGO regarding potential constitutional challenges in overseas jurisdictions to laws which criminalise consensual sexual acts between adults of the same sex in private (with Tim Otty QC and others).

Advising a political party on a constitutional issue (with Tim Otty QC).

Acted for the Commonwealth Lawyers Association as amicus curiae in a case about due process rights and access to evidence, in the context of a habeas corpus petition by a detainee at Guantanamo Bay (with Tim Otty QC).

Acted pro bono for the child of a refugee in a human rights appeal against a refusal of entry clearance for family reunion. UK Visas & Immigration withdrew the refusal following the lodging of the appeal (unled).

Acted for a prisoner in disability discrimination, race discrimination and Human Rights Act (Articles 8, 14 and A2P1) claims against the Ministry of Justice. The case settled (unled).

Provided pro bono advice to an organisation concerned about a local authority's issue of Community Protection Notices to homeless people, prohibiting them from leaving their belongings on the pavement (unled).

Advising a government department on articles 8, 10 and 14, and various issues of statutory interpretation (with James Eadie QC).

Advising a government department on legitimate expectation and A1P1 issues. The case also involves interpretation of a complex commercial contract (with James Eadie QC).

Acting for the Director of the SFO in defence of a $93m+ claim for alleged misfeasance in public office and inducement of breach of contract/fiduciary duty. The matter was one of The Lawyer's Top 20 Cases for 2021. There was an 11-week trial in the spring/summer of that year, and a further 2-week trial in March 2023 (with Simon Colton KC and others).

Acted for the defendant in a dispute arising out of alleged breaches of regulatory obligations in respect of the routing of telephone calls. The matter settled (unled).

Acted for the defendant Formula 1 power unit manufacturer in a garden leave dispute. The case settled in the run-up to a speedy trial (with Paul Goulding QC).

Acted for the defendant in a company law dispute. The case settled (unled).

Acted for the claimants in a claim against a natural resources company, in respect of serious assaults allegedly perpetrated by security personnel. The case settled (with Tim Otty KC and others).

Acted for NGO interveners in a case concerning jurisdiction and the circumstances in which a parent company may be liable in negligence for environmental damage associated with the activities of an overseas subsidiary (with Tim Otty QC and others).

Advising an LLP on the enforceability of contractual clauses in restraint of trade (unled).

Acted for the claimants in a claim regarding alleged human rights abuses by security personnel at a diamond mine in Tanzania. The case settled (with Tim Otty QC and others).

Advised a buyer in relation to a Sale of Goods Act 1979 dispute. The case raised issues of quality/fitness, rights of rejection, and a potential restitutionary counterclaim (unled). 

Acted for Liberty (as intervener) in a case about the proper approach, in the context of a commercial dispute, to evidence which may have been obtained by torture (with Ben Jaffey QC and Natasha Simonsen).

Acted for NGO interveners in a case concerning jurisdiction and the circumstances in which a parent company may be liable in negligence for environmental damage associated with the activities of an overseas subsidiary (with Tim Otty QC and others).

Acted for the defendant in 7-day trial of a contractual and restitutionary claim relating to an alleged agency agreement (with James Segan).

Acted for Ryanair in successful defence of a flight delay claim under Regulation (EC) 261/2004 (unled).

Acting for a company in an unjust enrichment claim against a former employee, arising out of the issue to him of certain shares (unled).

Advising the government of a British Overseas Territory on the interpretation of a contract relating to a telecommunications cable (unled).

Acted for a financial services company in defence of claims alleging dishonest assistance and under section 213 of the Insolvency Act 1986, in connection with an alleged Missing Trader Intra-Community (MTIC) VAT fraud in the carbon credits market (with Andrew Green QC).

Acted for the claimant telecommunications company in a dispute about the Standard Interconnect Agreement and alleged artificial inflation of traffic. The case was listed for 5-day trial, but settled shortly before (with Alan Maclean QC).

Acted for the claimant in various claims (including deceit, negligence and breach of statutory and fiduciary duties) against a financial adviser, in respect of tax advice. The case settled (with Kieron Beal QC).

Advising a family in respect of a potential claim against an independent school (with Robert Howe QC).

Advising a care home operator on a contractual dispute with a local authority (unled).

Acted for the defendant sportswear supplier in successful defence of contractual claims brought by companies which hold rights to the image of a Premiership footballer (with Ian Mill QC).

Junior counsel in a 3-week Commercial Court trial of a €89m civil fraud case, arising in the context of a joint venture agreement. The case involved claims in deceit, breach of contract and breach of fiduciary duty (with Andrew Green QC and Adam Baradon).

Acted for the defendant in a dispute about an ex-employee's share options. The case settled shortly before trial (with Andrew Green QC).

Acted for the vendor in a dispute about the sale of shares and related matters. The case involves a debt claim, counterclaims for breach of warranty and misrepresentation, and issues relating to reflective loss (unled).

Advising on the interpretation of contracts concerning rights to the music of a well-known artist (with Andrew Green QC)

Advising a producer on a claim for breach of a film financing contract (unled).

Acted for the claimant in a claim for deceit, breach of fiduciary duty and unjust enrichment. The proceedings included successful applications for freezing injunctions and third party disclosure. The case settled shortly before applications for committal and summary judgment were due to be heard (with Ian Mill QC).

Acted unled in successful application to vary an instalment judgment to require immediate payment. The case also involved issues regarding enforcement procedures and the respective jurisdictions of the High Court and the County Court.

Acting for a music agency business in a claim against a prominent singer for unpaid commission (unled).

Acted unled for an individual in a dispute with a car hire company. The case involves contractual interpretation, penalty clauses and the Consumer Rights Act 2015.

Advised (as sole counsel) on the drafting of an assignment of a judgment debt, and the potential implications for enforcement.

Acting for the claimant in a case which involves issues relating to alleged state immunity and diplomatic immunity.

Acted for the respondent at a 4-day trial, in successful defence of claims of direct race discrimination, harassment and victimisation (unled).

Acted for the respondent in claims of alleged direct sexual orientation discrimination, harassment, victimisation and whistleblowing detriment. The case was listed for a 10-day trial, but settled in the run-up (unled).

Acted for the defendant Formula 1 power unit manufacturer in a garden leave dispute. The case settled in the run-up to a speedy trial (with Paul Goulding QC).

Acted for the appellant in a successful appeal regarding the proper approach to anonymity applications which involve Convention Rights issues, and applications for permission to amend (unled).

Acted for the respondent at a 5-day trial, in successful defence of multiple allegations of discrimination and whistleblowing detriment, and of constructive unfair dismissal (unled).

Acting for the respondent sports governing body in defence of a disability discrimination claim in relation to professional qualifications (unled).

Acted for the respondent in successful defence of an unfair dismissal claim (unled).

Acting for the Defendant in a dispute about an employment contract (unled).

Advising an LLP on issues relating to its pension scheme, including the implications of the Equality Act 2010 (unled).

Advising an employer regarding a threatened claim for constructive unfair dismissal, and a potential counterclaim for breach of fiduciary duty. The matter settled (unled).

Advising on various issues relating to the protected characteristic of gender reassignment and the Gender Recognition Act 2004 (unled).

Advising a television presenter on a potential equal pay and sex discrimination claim (with Jane Mulcahy QC).

Advising an LLP on the enforceability of contractual clauses in restraint of trade (unled).

Acted for the respondent footwear business in successful defence of a whistleblowing unfair dismissal claim brought by its former CEO (with Paul Goulding QC). Appeared unled in successful application for 100% of the costs of the proceedings.

Acted for an LLP in successful defence of a claim brought by a member who had been issued a notice of retirement (with Paul Goulding QC).

Acting for the alleged transferor in a TUPE unfair dismissal claim (unled).

Advised the respondent to a disability discrimination and unfair dismissal claim. The case involved complex issues relating to a shareholder agreement, and settled at a judicial mediation (unled).

Acting for the alleged transferee in a TUPE claim. The main issue is whether there was a TUPE transfer (unled).

Acting for a well-known business defending a high-value wrongful dismissal claim brought by a former senior executive (with Paul Goulding QC).

Acted for the claimant in claims for maternity discrimination and unfair dismissal. The case settled for a substantial sum at the end of the fourth day of a five-day trial (unled).

Acting for a company in an unjust enrichment claim against a former employee, arising out of the issue to him of certain shares (unled).

Acting for the respondent in a disability discrimination and unfair dismissal claim brought by an employee who had been imprisoned. The case raises issues relating to the frustration of contracts of employment (unled).

Advised the government of a British Overseas Territory on an employment matter (unled).

Advised a trade union regarding a potential sex discrimination claim in relation to the rules of a public sector pension scheme (unled).

Advising on a potential sex discrimination claim (unled).

Advising on potential claims relating to whistleblowing, sex discrimination and sexual orientation discrimination (unled).

Advising a trade union on potential equal pay claims by its members (with Dinah Rose QC).

Advising a trade union on TUPE issues and measures to ensure that a potential defendant's assets are preserved pending determination of claims (unled).

Acted for a teacher in a judicial mediation of a disability discrimination and unfair dismissal claim. The mediation resulted in a substantial five-figure settlement (unled).

Advising a company in the legal sector on IR35 / employment status issues (with Jane Mulcahy QC).

Acted for the respondent in a successful application to strike out whistleblowing detriments claims (unled).

Advising a deputy headteacher on potential whistleblowing and unfair dismissal claims (unled).

Acted for 3 former casino workers in a judicial mediation, in respect of claims for race discrimination and unfair dismissal. The case settled at the mediation, with each claimant receiving a 5-figure sum (unled).

Advised a claimant on whistleblowing and disability discrimination claims. The case was listed for a 3-day hearing, but settled shortly before (unled).

Advising a trade union on statutory interpretation, indirect discrimination and potential restitutionary claims in respect of a public sector pension scheme (with Alan Maclean QC).

Advising several female employees on equal pay and other sex equality claims (with Jane Mulcahy QC).

Acted for the respondents in claims alleging race discrimination, harassment, victimisation and unlawful deductions from wages. The case was listed for a 5-day trial but settled shortly before (unled).

Acted for the respondent car park operator in an unfair dismissal claim, achieving a 100% reduction in compensation for contributory fault (unled).

Acted for a national-level sports coach in claims for unfair dismissal and wrongful dismissal. The case settled (with Pushpinder Saini QC).

Acted for the defendant in a dispute about an ex-employee's share options. The case settled shortly before trial (with Andrew Green QC).

Acted unled for the claimant in successful claims for unfair dismissal and wrongful dismissal against a major hospitality company.

Advising an employer about various issues under the Working Time Regulations 1998, including night working and holiday pay (unled).

Acted unled for the respondent in wrongful dismissal and holiday pay claim. The claimant withdrew his claim shortly after the preliminary hearing, and the respondent was awarded substantial costs.

Acting for a company in the healthcare sector against its former senior executive, in claims for breach of confidence and breach of database rights (with Diya Sen Gupta).

Acting for an employer in a claim against an ex-employee who has sought to set up a competing business. The case involves restrictive covenants, breach of confidence, breach of database rights and various economic torts (with Diya Sen Gupta).

Acting for various retailers in the Merchant Interchange Fee litigation (with Tristan Jones).

Advising an individual on issues relating to the right not to be tried twice for the same alleged offence, in the context of Article 54 of the Convention Implementing the Schengen Agreement and Article 4 of Procotol 7 to the ECHR (with Tim Otty KC).

Acted for the claimant telecommunications company in a claim for abuse of dominant position (with James Segan KC).

Acting for an interested party before the High Court and the Court of Appeal in a judicial review regarding transmission charges paid by generators of electricity. The case raises various issue of EU and domestic public law (with Kassie Smith QC and Amy Rogers).

Acted for a telecommunications operator in an appeal regarding the interpretation of the Access Directive (with James Segan QC).

Acted for Ofgem in defence of an appeal regarding transmission charges paid by generators of electricity. The case raised various issues of EU and domestic public law (with Kassie Smith QC and Ligia Osepciu).

Acted for a telecommunications company in a regulatory dispute involving issues of EU law (with James Segan KC).

Acting for the Defendant in a claim for alleged false imprisonment and Francovich damages, in relation to immigration detention (unled).

Advising a regulator on an EU/competition law issue (with Kassie Smith QC).

Advising a government department on various state aid and public procurement issues (unled).

Advised the Open Society Justice Initiative regarding the compatibility with EU law of emergency legislation introduced in Hungary in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic (with Tim Otty QC, Tom de la Mare QC and Emily Neill).

Acted for the SSWP in the High Court, the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court in (ultimately successful) defence of a complex claim relating to Article 18 TFEU, the EU Settlement Scheme and the regulations governing entitlement to universal credit and other forms of social assistance (with Sir James Eadie QC and others).

Advised the government of a British Overseas Territory on the implications of the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement (unled).

Advised a government department on various issues relating to A1P1, rationality, state aid and public procurement (with James Eadie QC).

Acted for Ryanair in successful defence of a flight delay claim under Regulation (EC) 261/2004 (unled).

Advising a regulator on an issue of EU/competition law (unled).

Advising a government department on potential infraction proceedings under Article 258 TFEU (with James Segan).

Acting for the claimant in a bilateral investment treaty arbitration, in respect of issues relating to the interaction of international and EU law (with Pushpinder Saini QC).

Acted for GEMA, successfully defending an appeal to the CMA under section 173 of the Energy Act 2004. The case focused on the interpretation of an EU Regulation on charges for electricity transmission (with Alan Maclean QC and Iain Steele).

Acting for various retailers in the Merchant Interchange Fee litigation (with Tristan Jones).

Acted for the claimant telecommunications company in a claim for abuse of dominant position (with James Segan KC).

Acting for an interested party before the High Court and the Court of Appeal in a judicial review regarding transmission charges paid by generators of electricity. The case raises various issue of EU and domestic public law (with Kassie Smith QC and Amy Rogers).

Acted for a telecommunications operator in an appeal regarding the interpretation of the Access Directive (with James Segan QC).

Acted for Ofgem in defence of an appeal regarding transmission charges paid by generators of electricity. The case raised various issues of EU and domestic public law (with Kassie Smith QC and Ligia Osepciu).

Acted for a telecommunications company in a regulatory dispute involving issues of EU law (with James Segan KC).

Advising a regulator on an EU/competition law issue (with Kassie Smith QC).

Advising a government department on various state aid and public procurement issues (unled).

Advised a government department on various issues relating to A1P1, rationality, state aid and public procurement (with James Eadie QC).

Advising a regulator on an issue of EU/competition law (unled).

Acted for GEMA, successfully defending an appeal to the CMA under section 173 of the Energy Act 2004. The case focused on the interpretation of an EU Regulation on charges for electricity transmission (with Alan Maclean QC and Iain Steele).

Acting for Manchester Ship Canal in an appeal to the Supreme Court relating to the availability or otherwise of common law causes of action in respect of sewerage undertakers' polluting discharges into waterbodies - one of The Lawyer's Top 10 Appeals for 2023 (with Tom de la Mare KC).

Acting for the claimants in group claims arising out of pollution from oil installations in Nigeria, and associated interference with fundamental rights (with Richard Hermer KC and others).

Advising various clients on a range of confidential matters relating to the water and sewerage industry, including issues relating to the Water Industry Act 1991, the Reservoirs Act 1975, the Urban Waste Water Treatment (England and Wales) Regulations 1994, the Water Industry (Specified Infrastructure Projects) (English Undertakers) Regulations 2013, the Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2016 and the Private Water Supplies (England) Regulations 2016 (mix of led and unled work).

Advising an NGO regarding a complaint about misleading environmental claims in advertisements (with Tom de la Mare KC).

Advising an NGO on potential litigation relating to climate change (unled).

Advising a public body on legal obligations in relation to greenhouse gas emissions targets (with Kassie Smith QC).

Advising fishermen on potential claims in relation to discharges of sewage (unled).

Advising an environmental NGO on a potential judicial review (with Tom de la Mare QC).

Advised a prospective claimant on a potential judicial review claim in relation to a fisheries issue (unled).

Acted for NGO interveners in a case concerning jurisdiction and the circumstances in which a parent company may be liable in negligence for environmental damage associated with the activities of an overseas subsidiary (with Tim Otty QC and others).

Acted for NGO interveners in a case concerning jurisdiction and the circumstances in which a parent company may be liable in negligence for environmental damage associated with the activities of an overseas subsidiary (with Tim Otty QC and others).

Advising an environmental NGO pro bono on the availability of compensation (under statute and at common law) to persons affected by flooding and/or flood risk management activities.

Advising an environmental NGO on a potential judicial review (with Nathalie Lieven QC).

Advised an environmental NGO pro bono in relation to a company's application for planning permission to frack for shale gas (unled).

Advising a defence weapons expert on public law, Equality Act and Human Rights Act claims after his invitation to speak at a Ministry of Defence conference was revoked because he had expressed criticism of government policies. The government ultimately conceded that the decision was unlawful and withdrew 15 policy/guidance documents (with Ben Collins KC and Jane Russell).

Advising disabled individuals on a reasonable adjustments claim against a housing association (unled).

Acted for the respondent at a 4-day trial, in successful defence of claims of direct race discrimination, harassment and victimisation (unled).

Acted for the respondent at a 5-day trial, in successful defence of multiple allegations of discrimination and whistleblowing detriment, and of constructive unfair dismissal (unled).

Acted for the respondent in claims of alleged direct sexual orientation discrimination, harassment, victimisation and whistleblowing detriment. The case was listed for a 10-day trial, but settled in the run-up (unled).

Acting for a prisoner in a claim for alleged breaches of Convention Rights and the Equality Act 2010 (unled).

Acting for the respondent sports governing body in defence of a disability discrimination claim in relation to professional qualifications (unled).

Advising on various issues relating to the protected characteristic of gender reassignment and the Gender Recognition Act 2004 (unled).

Advising an LLP on issues relating to its pension scheme, including the implications of the Equality Act 2010 (unled).

Advising a television presenter on a potential equal pay and sex discrimination claim (with Jane Mulcahy QC).

Acted for the claimant in claims for maternity discrimination and unfair dismissal. The case settled for a substantial sum at the end of the fourth day of a five-day trial (unled).

Advised the respondent to a disability discrimination and unfair dismissal claim. The case involved complex issues relating to a shareholder agreement, and settled at a judicial mediation (unled).

Advised a trade union regarding a potential sex discrimination claim in relation to the rules of a public sector pension scheme (unled).

Acting for the respondent in a disability discrimination and unfair dismissal claim brought by an employee who had been imprisoned. The case raises issues relating to the frustration of contracts of employment (unled).

Advising on potential claims relating to whistleblowing, sex discrimination and sexual orientation discrimination (unled).

Advising a trade union on potential equal pay claims by its members (with Dinah Rose QC).

Advising on a potential sex discrimination claim (unled).

Acted for a teacher in a judicial mediation of a disability discrimination and unfair dismissal claim. The mediation resulted in a substantial five-figure settlement (unled).

Acted for 3 former casino workers in a judicial mediation, in respect of claims for race discrimination and unfair dismissal. The case settled at the mediation, with each claimant receiving a 5-figure sum (unled).

Advising a trade union on statutory interpretation, indirect discrimination and potential restitutionary claims in respect of a public sector pension scheme (with Alan Maclean QC).

Acted for the respondents in claims alleging race discrimination, harassment, victimisation and unlawful deductions from wages. The case was listed for a 5-day trial but settled shortly before (unled).

Advised a claimant on whistleblowing and disability discrimination claims. The case was listed for a 3-day hearing, but settled shortly before (unled).

Acted for a prisoner in disability discrimination, race discrimination and Human Rights Act (Articles 8, 14 and A2P1) claims against the Ministry of Justice. The case settled (unled).

Advising several female employees on equal pay and other sex equality claims (with Jane Mulcahy QC).

Acted unled for the defendant operator of a major sports ground in a claim brought by a visually-impaired person, who alleged a failure to make reasonable adjustments. The case settled.

Advising on issues relating to caste discrimination (with Diya Sen Gupta).

Acting for financial services companies in an application to the European Court of Human Rights which alleges violations of Articles 6, 13 and 14 and A1P1 (with Tim Otty KC).

Acting for a bank in an application to the European Court of Human Rights in relation to a regulatory fine. The case raises issues under A1P1 and Articles 7, 13 and 14 (with Tim Otty KC).

Acting for the Director of the SFO in defence of a $93m+ claim for alleged misfeasance in public office and inducement of breach of contract/fiduciary duty. The matter was one of The Lawyer's Top 20 Cases for 2021. There was an 11-week trial in the spring/summer of that year, and a further 2-week trial in March 2023 (with Simon Colton KC and others).

Acting pro bono for Ukraine in a landmark inter-state case involving allegations of mass and gross violations of multiple Convention rights (with Tim Otty QC and others).

Acting for an individual in a claim arising out of the alleged involvement of the UK security services in unlawful detention and torture in a foreign country, and breaches of data protection legislation (with Tom de la Mare KC).

Acting for the Government of North Macedonia in successful defence of applications raising various issues under Articles 5 and 6 ECHR (with Tim Otty KC).

Acting for the Government of North Macedonia in respect of an Article 5 application, brought by the former head of the State Bureau of Security and Counter Intelligence (with Tim Otty KC).

Acted for the Icelandic government in a high profile Article 6 case before the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights, concerning in particular the nature of the "established by law" requirement (with Tim Otty QC).

Acting for the Defendant in a claim for alleged false imprisonment and Francovich damages, in relation to immigration detention (unled).

Acted for a vulnerable individual in claims against a public authority for false imprisonment and breach of Article 5 ECHR. The case settled for a 5-figure sum (unled).

Acted for a prisoner in disability discrimination, race discrimination and Human Rights Act (Articles 8, 14 and A2P1) claims against the Ministry of Justice. The case settled (unled).

Advising a prisoner on potential claims against the operator of a privatised prison, following an assault by another inmate (unled).

Advising a public body on issues relating to the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (unled).

Acting for the claimant in a case which involves issues relating to alleged state immunity and diplomatic immunity.

Acting for financial services companies in an application to the European Court of Human Rights which alleges violations of Articles 6, 13 and 14 and A1P1 (with Tim Otty KC).

Acting pro bono for Ukraine in a landmark inter-state case involving allegations of mass and gross violations of multiple Convention rights (with Tim Otty QC and others).

Acting for a bank in an application to the European Court of Human Rights in relation to a regulatory fine. The case raises issues under A1P1 and Articles 7, 13 and 14 (with Tim Otty KC).

Acting for various Google entities in a case concerning alleged violations of Articles 6, 10 and 13 and A1P1 (with Tim Otty KC and others).

Acting for the Government of North Macedonia in respect of an Article 5 application, brought by the former head of the State Bureau of Security and Counter Intelligence (with Tim Otty KC).

Acting for the Government of North Macedonia in successful defence of applications raising various issues under Articles 5 and 6 ECHR (with Tim Otty KC).

Acted for the Icelandic government in a high profile Article 6 case before the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights, concerning in particular the nature of the "established by law" requirement (with Tim Otty QC).

Acted for the Foreign Secretary in successful defence of a claim brought by the parents of Harry Dunn, who was killed when his motorbike was hit by a car driven by the wife of a member of US Embassy staff. The case raised issues relating to diplomatic immunity and Article 2 ECHR (with Sir James Eadie QC and others).

Advised the government of a British Overseas Territory on the implications of the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement (unled).

Acted pro bono for the AIRE Centre, intervening in a case about whether the Secretary of State is obliged to permit refugees in the UK's sovereign base areas ("SBAs") in Cyprus to enter the metropolitan UK. The Secretary of State agreed to admit the Claimants after the Supreme Court held that the Refugee Convention applied to the SBAs (with Mike Fordham QC and others).

Acting for the claimant in a bilateral investment treaty arbitration, in respect of issues relating to the interaction of international and EU law (with Pushpinder Saini QC).

Acted for the claimant in a claim under s.167 DPA 2018, in relation to a data subject access request. The case was listed for a speedy trial, but settled shortly before (with Lord Pannick KC and Julianne Kerr Morrison).

Advising a public body on mechanisms to seek the recovery of a document of historical significance which had been disposed of by mistake. The case raised a mix of private and public law issues, including in relation to the Public Records Act 1958 (unled).

Acting for the CPS in an appeal relating to a request under the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (unled).

Acted for the appellant in a successful appeal regarding the proper approach to anonymity applications which involve Convention Rights issues, and applications for permission to amend (unled).

Acting for an individual in a claim arising out of the alleged involvement of the UK security services in unlawful detention and torture in a foreign country, and breaches of data protection legislation (with Tom de la Mare KC).

Acted for an Oxford college as a respondent to a Freedom of Information Act appeal. The appellant withdrew the appeal by consent on the second day of a 2-day hearing (unled).

Acted for PLP in a challenge to the refusal of a FOIA request for copies of submissions to the Independent Review of Administrative Law (with Kate Gallafent QC, and subsequently Gemma White QC)

Acted for the Claimant in a judicial review relating to the use of personal devices/accounts and auto-deletion functions for communications concerning government business (with Ben Jaffey QC).

Advising a prospective claimant on potential claims under domestic and EU data protection legislation (with Ben Jaffey QC).

Advised the government of a British Overseas Territory on a freedom of information issue (unled).

Advised several professional bodies in the financial services sector about the General Data Protection Regulation and various contractual issues (with Alan Maclean QC).

Advised a professional body (in the financial services sector) on the admissibility of a covert recording in disciplinary proceedings (unled).

Advising a telecommunications company on data protection issues (unled).

Acted for the claimant telecommunications company in a claim for abuse of dominant position (with James Segan KC).

Acted for a telecommunications operator in an appeal regarding the interpretation of the Access Directive (with James Segan QC).

Acted for the defendant in a dispute arising out of alleged breaches of regulatory obligations in respect of the routing of telephone calls. The matter settled (unled).

Acted for a telecommunications company in a regulatory dispute involving issues of EU law (with James Segan KC).

Acted for the claimant telecommunications company in a dispute about the Standard Interconnect Agreement and alleged artificial inflation of traffic. The case was listed for 5-day trial, but settled shortly before (with Alan Maclean QC).

Advising the government of a British Overseas Territory on the interpretation of a contract relating to a telecommunications cable (unled).

Advising a telecommunications company on data protection issues (unled).

Advising Ofgem on various issues relating to the electricity sector (unled).

Acting for an interested party before the High Court and the Court of Appeal in a judicial review regarding transmission charges paid by generators of electricity. The case raises various issue of EU and domestic public law (with Kassie Smith QC and Amy Rogers).

Advising on various public law issues relating to the Gas Act 1986 (unled).

Acted for Ofgem in defence of an appeal regarding transmission charges paid by generators of electricity. The case raised various issues of EU and domestic public law (with Kassie Smith QC and Ligia Osepciu).

Acted for GEMA in defence of a legitimate expectation and A1P1 claim, in relation to the Domestic Renewable Heat Incentive Scheme. The case was listed for a 2.5-day hearing, but settled shortly before (with Alan Maclean QC).

Acted for GEMA, successfully defending an appeal to the CMA under section 173 of the Energy Act 2004. The case focused on the interpretation of an EU Regulation on charges for electricity transmission (with Alan Maclean QC and Iain Steele).

Acted for the UN High Commissioner for Refugees in the successful challenge to the UK government's plan to transfer asylum seekers to Rwanda (with Angus McCullough KC and others).

Acting for the UK government in defence of allegations of violations of Article 5, in the context of immigration detention (with Sir James Eadie KC and Julie Anderson).

Advising Freedom from Torture on the Illegal Migration Bill (with Raza Husain KC and others).

Acted for JUSTICE as intervener in an appeal concerning the proper approach to appeals against citizenship deprivation decisions in a national security context (with Tom Hickman KC).

Advising Afghan citizens on immigration applications (unled, but in collaboration with various other Blackstone barristers).

Acted for the SSWP in the High Court, the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court in (ultimately successful) defence of a complex claim relating to Article 18 TFEU, the EU Settlement Scheme and the regulations governing entitlement to universal credit and other forms of social assistance (with Sir James Eadie QC and others).

Acted for Detention Action in a case concerning the status of asylum appeals which were determined under ultra vires procedural rules (with Charlotte Kilroy QC and Jason Pobjoy).

Acting for the Defendant in a claim for alleged false imprisonment and Francovich damages, in relation to immigration detention (unled).

Acted for the defendant in successful defence of a challenge to a decision to refuse applications for British citizenship (unled).

Acted pro bono for the child of a refugee in a human rights appeal against a refusal of entry clearance for family reunion. UK Visas & Immigration withdrew the refusal following the lodging of the appeal (unled).

Acted pro bono for the AIRE Centre, intervening in a case about whether the Secretary of State is obliged to permit refugees in the UK's sovereign base areas ("SBAs") in Cyprus to enter the metropolitan UK. The Secretary of State agreed to admit the Claimants after the Supreme Court held that the Refugee Convention applied to the SBAs (with Mike Fordham QC and others).